What is the difference between i+1 and i += 1 in a for loop with NumPy?

Learn the difference between i+1 and i += 1 in a for loop with NumPy in Python? By Pranit Sharma Last updated : October 09, 2023

NumPy is an abbreviated form of Numerical Python. It is used for different types of scientific operations in python. Numpy is a vast library in python which is used for almost every kind of scientific or mathematical operation. It is itself an array which is a collection of various methods and functions for processing the arrays.

Difference between i+1 and i += 1 in a for loop

In an incremental for loop i = i + 1 reassigns i, i += 1 increments i by 1. The difference is that one modifies the data-structure itself (in-place operation) b += 1 while the other just reassigns the variable a = a + 1.

But, i += 1 is not always doing an in-place operation, there are (at least) three exceptions:

If x does not implement an __iadd__ method then the i += 1 statement is just a shorthand for i = i + 1. This would be the case if i was something like an int.
If __iadd__returns NotImplemented, Python falls back to i = i + 1.
The __iadd__method could theoretically be implemented to not work in place. It would be really weird to do that, though.

As it happens your bs are numpy.ndarrays which implements __iadd__ and return itself so your second loop modifies the original array in-place.

Let us understand with the help of an example,

Python program to demonstrate the difference between i+1 and i += 1 in a for loop

# Import numpy
import numpy as np

# Creating an array
arr = np.arange(12).reshape(4,3)

# Display original array
print("Array 1:\n",arr,"\n")

# Using for loop with a = a+1
for i in arr:
    i = i + 1

# Display arr
print("Array 1:\n",arr,"\n")

# Creating an array
arr2 = np.arange(12).reshape(4,3)

# Display arr 2
print("Array 2:\n",arr,"\n")

# Using for loop with a+=1
for i in arr2:
    i+=1

# Display arr 2
print("Array 2:\n",arr2,"\n")

Output

The output of the above program is:

Example: What is the difference between i+1 and i += 1 in a for loop with NumPy?

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