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Array in C++ Standard Template Library (STL) with its common functions

C++ STL std::array class with its common functions: Here, we will learn about the array class with its common functions with Example in C++ Standard Template Library.
Submitted by IncludeHelp, on September 01, 2018

C++ STL Array Class

"array" is a container in C++ STL, which has fixed size, which is defined in "array" header.

Declaration:

    array <data_type, size> array_name = {initializer_list};
    
    Example:
    array<int,5> values {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};

Array class's common functions

1. array::operator[] - Gets and sets a reference to an element based on given index.
2. array.empty() - Returns true if array is empty
3. array.size() - Returns the total number of elements in the array
4. array.front() - Return the first element
5. array.back() - Returns the last element
6. array.at(index) - Returns the element from given index
7. array.begin() - Returns the reference pointing to the first element
8. array.end() - Returns the reference punting to the last element

Example:

#include <iostream>
#include <array>

using namespace std;

int main() 
{
	//array declaring and initialization
	array<int, 5> arr = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
	
	//checking array is empty or not by using empty()
	if(arr.empty())
		cout<<"Array is empty!!!"<<endl;
	else
		cout<<"Array is not empty!!!"<<endl;
	
	//Array functions
	cout<<"size: "	<< arr.size()	<<endl;
	cout<<"first element: " << arr.front()	<<endl;
	cout<<"last  element: " << arr.back()	<<endl;
	cout<<"0th element: " << arr.at(0)	<<endl;
	cout<<"3rd element: " << arr.at(3)	<<endl;
	
	//printing all array elements are: ";
	for(auto i = arr.begin () ; i != arr.end(); i++)
		cout<<*i<<" ";
	cout<<endl;
	
	return 0;
}

Output

    Array is not empty!!!
    size: 5
    first element: 10
    last  element: 50
    0th element: 10
    3rd element: 40
    10 20 30 40 50 

Reference: C++ std::array