Home »
Computer Network
Transport, Network, and Application Layers Protocols
In this tutorial, we will learn about the different protocols of transport, network, and application layers in computer network.
By Uma Dasgupta Last updated : April 26, 2023
1. Transport Layer Protocols
The transport layer is the 4th layer in the OSI model which provides communication services between the computers connected in the network.
The transport layer consists the following protocols:
1.1. TCP (Transmission control protocol)
TCP provides full transport layer services to the application at the sending and of each transmission, TCP provides a stream of data into a smaller unit called segments. TCP is used for reliable communication (connection-oriented network).
1.2. UDP (User datagram protocol)
UDP are transport level protocol responsible for delivery of a message from one process to another process.
1.3. SCTP (Stream control transmission protocol)
SCTP is used to meet the needs of some new application such as the voice of the internet.
2. Network Layer Protocols
Network or interconnecting layer which consists of ICMP sends query and error reporting message.
The network layer consists the following protocols:
2.1. IGMP (Internet group message control protocol)
The Internet group message control protocol is used to facilitate the simultaneous or synchronization transmission of a message to a group of destination.
2.2. ARP (Address Resolution protocol)
Address Resolution Protocol is responsible for the conversion of the physical address from the logical address of the node.
2.3. RARP (Reverse address resolution protocol)
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol is responsible for converting physical address to the logical address of the node. We can say it is just the opposite of the ARP.
3. Application Layer Protocols
The application layer consists the following protocols:
3.1. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
Simple mail transfer protocol is the TCIP protocol defining electronic mail Services on the internet.
3.2. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
File transfer protocol is used for transfer the text file from one system to another system.
3.3. HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
This is the protocol used by the World Wide Web to format, transmit the data; it defines how the data is formatted and how it is transmitted?
3.4. DNS (Domain Name System)
Domain Name System is TCPIP application services that convert user-friendly.
3.5. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
Simple network management protocol is the TCIP protocol that specifies the name to the IP address.
3.6. TELNET (Terminal Network Protocol)
The terminal network protocol is a general-purpose client-server program that allows remote login.