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C++ Conditional Statements | Find output programs | Set 2

This section contains the C++ find output programs with their explanations on conditional statements (set 2).
Submitted by Nidhi, on June 02, 2020

Program 1:

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    int num = 0;

    num = printf("%d ", printf("%d ", printf("ABC")));

    if (num == 2) {
        cout << "INDIA";
    }
    else if (num == 3) {
        cout << "AUSTRALIA";
    }
    else {
        cout << "CHINA";
    }

    return 0;
}

Output:

ABC3 2 INDIA

Explanation:

The above program will print "ABC3 2 INDIA" on the console screen.

The printf() function returns the total number of characters printed on the console screen.

Execution of the program step by step:

num = printf("%d ",printf("%d ",printf("ABC")));

In this statement the innermost printf() will be executed first and prints "ABC" and returns 3, then the second printf() prints "3 " and returns 2 because 3 and space are two characters, and then the last outermost printf() will be executed and prints "2 " and returns 2 that is assigned to num variable.

The num variable contains 2 then the first condition will be true and it will print "INDIA".

Then the final output will be "ABC3 2 INDIA".

Program 2:

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int num = 0;

    if (EOF) {
        cout << "INDIA";
    }
    else if (NULL) {
        cout << "AUSTRALIA";
    }
    else {
        cout << "USA";
    }

    return 0;
}

Output:

INDIA

Explanation:

The above program will print "INDIA" on the console screen. Because the value of the EOF macro is -1. And any non-zero value is considered as a true for if conditions, this, the first condition will be true and it will print "INDIA" on the console screen.

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