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C program to check if all the bits of a given integer is one (1)

Check if all the bits of a given integer is one (1) using C program: Here, we are going to implement a C program that will check whether all bits of an integer is set/one (1) or not.
Submitted by Radib Kar, on December 25, 2018

Problem statement

Write a C Program to check if all the bits of a given integer is one (1).

Solution: We can use bitwise operator here to solve the problem.

Pre-requisite: Input number n

Algorithm

1)  Do Bitwise AND with n and 1. 
    n & 1
    
    let n be a7a6a5a4a3a2a1a0
    1->00000001
    So doing bitwise AND (refer to published article on bitwise operators) 
    will result in all bits 0 except the LSB which will be a0. 
    If a0 is 0 then the all bits are not set
    Thus,
    IF
        n & 1 ==0
        Print that all bits are not same
    ELSE
        Right shift n by 1
        n=n>>1
    END IF-ELSE

2)  IF n==0
        Print that all bits are set
    ELSE
        REPEAT step 1

Example with Explanation

Checking for 12
12-> 00001100

So first iteration:
n=12 //00001100
n & 1 ==0 
so print that all bits are not set

Checking for 7
7->00000111

So first iteration:
n=7 //00000111
n & 1 =1
n=n>>1 (n=3) //00000011

So second iteration:
n=3 //00000011
n & 1 =1
n=n>>1 (n=1) //00000001

So third iteration:
n=1 //00000001
n & 1 =1
n=n>>1 (n=0) //00000000

So, All bits are set

C Implementation

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  unsigned int n;

  printf("enter the integer\n");
  scanf("%d", & n);

  while (n > 0) {
    int temp = n & 1;
    if (temp == 0) { //if any bit not set
      printf("all bits are not set\n");
      return 0;
    }
    n = n >> 1; //right shift operator
  }

  printf("all bits are set ");
  printf("in its binary representation\n");

  return 0;
}

Output

First run:
enter the integer
12
all bits are not set

Second run:
enter the integer
7
all bits are set in its binary representation

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