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Fluid Mechanics MCQs - Fluid Pressure and Its Measurement
Fluid Mechanics MCQs - Fluid Pressure and Its Measurement: This section contains the multiple-choice questions and answers on the fluid mechanics chapter fluid pressure and its measurement. practice these MCQs to learn and enhance the knowledge of fluid pressure and its measurement.
1. Pascal's law applies to which of the following?
- Gases only
- Liquids only
- Both gases and liquids
- Neither gases nor liquids
Answer: C) Both gases and liquids
Explanation:
Pascal's law applies to both gases and liquids, as long as they are confined within a container. It means that the principle holds for all types of fluids in a confined state.
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2. Which device operates based on Pascal's law?
- A bicycle pump
- A hairdryer
- A microwave oven
- A television
Answer: A) A bicycle pump
Explanation:
A bicycle pump operates based on Pascal's law. When you apply force to the pump handle, it compresses the air within the pump's cylinder. According to Pascal's law, this pressure is transmitted equally in all directions within the confined air, causing an increase in air pressure that allows you to inflate the bicycle tire.
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3. The fluid ____ when its speed increases?
- Pressure increases
- Pressure decreases
- Pressure remains constant
- Pressure becomes zero
Answer: B) Pressure decreases
Explanation:
According to Bernoulli's principle, as the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases.
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4. A ____ is exerted by a fluid at rest in a container.
- Absolute pressure
- Dynamic pressure
- Hydrostatic pressure
- Gauge pressure
Answer: C) Hydrostatic pressure
Explanation:
A hydrostatic pressure is exerted by a fluid at rest due to its weight.
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5. The pressure inside a sealed container is equal to ____ if the gauge pressure reads zero.
- Absolute Pressure
- Gauge Pressure
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Vacuum Pressure
Answer: C) Atmospheric Pressure
Explanation:
If the gauge pressure reads zero, it means the pressure inside the container is equal to atmospheric pressure.
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6. In a vacuum environment, ____ applies inside a closed container.
- Absolute Pressure
- Gauge Pressure
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Vacuum Pressure
Answer: D) Vacuum Pressure
Explanation:
The pressure of a gas in a place where the pressure is lower than air pressure is a vacuum pressure.
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7. ____ measurement is referenced to a perfect vacuum as the zero point.
- Absolute Pressure
- Gauge Pressure
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Vacuum Pressure
Answer: A) Absolute Pressure
Explanation:
Absolute pressure is measured as a perfect vacuum at the zero point. It includes both atmospheric pressure and the pressure generated by the fluid or gas being measured.
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8. What will be the pressure at the top of a mountain where atmospheric pressure is 0.7 bar and the absolute pressure is 0.5 bar?
- 1.2 bar
- 0.5 bar
- 0.2 bar
- 0.7 bar
Answer: A) 1.2 bar
Explanation:
The absolute pressure at the top of the mountain is the sum of atmospheric pressure and the pressure due to altitude. Therefore, Absolute pressure = Atmospheric pressure + Pressure due to altitude = 0.7 bar + 0.5 bar = 1.2 bar.
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9. What does a differential manometer measure?
- Pressure difference between two points
- Absolute pressure at a single point
- Flow rate of a fluid
- Velocity of a fluid
Answer: A) Pressure difference between two points
Explanation:
A differential manometer is a device used to measure the pressure difference between two points in a system, such as across a restriction or a differential pressure across a flow element.
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10. In a differential manometer, if one side shows a higher fluid level than the other, it indicates that the pressure on that side is ____.
- Equal to atmospheric pressure
- Lower than atmospheric pressure
- Equal to the reference pressure
- Higher than the reference pressure
Answer: D) Higher than the reference pressure
Explanation:
In a differential manometer, if one side shows a higher fluid level than the other, it means that the pressure on that side is higher than the reference pressure (usually atmospheric pressure).
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11. Which of the following is the primary principle behind a simple manometer's operation?
- Archimedes' Principle
- Pascal's Principle
- Boyle's Law
- Bernoulli's Principle
Answer: B) Pascal's Principle
Explanation:
A simple manometer operates based on Pascal's Principle, which states that in a confined fluid, any change in pressure at any point in the fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid in all directions. This principle allows the pressure of the fluid to be measured using the height difference in the manometer.
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12. Amongst which of the following is not a type of manometer?
- Simple manometer
- Differential manometer
- U-tube manometer
- Thermometer manometer
Answer: D) Thermometer manometer
Explanation:
A "thermometer manometer" is not a type of manometer. Manometers are devices used to measure pressure, and they include simple manometers, differential manometers, and U-tube manometers. There is no specific type called a "thermometer manometer".
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13. Amongst which of the following is a key advantage of using a differential manometer over a simple manometer?
- It can measure pressure in liquids as well as gases.
- It is less expensive.
- It can measure smaller pressure differences more accurately.
- It does not require a liquid in the U-tube.
Answer: C) It can measure smaller pressure differences more accurately
Explanation:
The main advantage of using a differential manometer is its ability to measure smaller pressure differences between two points in a fluid with higher accuracy compared to a simple manometer.
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