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Fluid Mechanics MCQs - Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces
Fluid Mechanics MCQs - Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces: This section contains the multiple-choice questions and answers on the fluid mechanics chapter Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces. practice these MCQs to learn and enhance the knowledge of Hydrostatic Forces on Surfaces.
1. Amongst which of the following law governs the distribution of hydrostatic pressure in a fluid at rest?
- Newton's Law of Motion
- Pascal's Law
- Archimedes' Principle
- Pascal's Principle
Answer: B) Pascal's Law
Explanation:
Pascal's Law states that the pressure in a fluid at rest is transmitted equally in all directions. It governs the distribution of hydrostatic pressure in a fluid.
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2. For a fluid at rest, the hydrostatic pressure increases with ____.
- Depth
- Surface area
- Temperature
- Viscosity
Answer: A) Depth
Explanation:
In a fluid at rest, the hydrostatic pressure increases with depth.
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3. A rectangular gate is 2 meters wide and 3 meters tall. If it is submerged vertically in water to a depth of 5 meters, what is the hydrostatic force acting on one face of the gate? (Assume water density = 1000 kg/m³ and acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s²)
- 29430 N
- 14715 N
- 58860 N
- 7365
Answer: C) 58860 N
Explanation:
The hydrostatic force is calculated as F = ρghA, where ρ = 1000 kg/m³, g = 9.81 m/s², h = 5 m, and A = 2 m * 3 m = 6 m². By substituting the values, we get F = 1000 * 9.81 * 5 * 6 = 58860 N.
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4. Amongst which of the following shapes experiences the highest hydrostatic pressure at its base when submerged in a fluid?
- Cube
- Cylinder
- Cone
- Sphere
Answer: D) Sphere
Explanation:
A sphere experiences the highest hydrostatic pressure at its base when submerged in a fluid because the pressure is distributed evenly in all directions, making the pressure at the base maximum.
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5. Which of the following is a correct unit of hydrostatic pressure?
- N/m
- N/m²
- N/m³
- N⋅s/m²
Answer: B) N/m²
Explanation:
The correct unit of hydrostatic pressure is N/m², which is equivalent to Pascal (Pa).
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6. When a solid body is floating in a liquid ____.
- The weight of the liquid displaced is equal to the weight of the solid body
- The weight of the liquid displaced is less than the weight of the solid body
- The weight of the liquid displaced is greater than the weight of the solid body
- The weight of the liquid displaced is zero
Answer: A) The weight of the liquid displaced is equal to the weight of the solid body.
Explanation:
According to Archimedes' Principle, when a solid body is floating in a liquid, the weight of the liquid displaced is equal to the weight of the solid body.
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7. The hydrostatic force on a submerged horizontal circular surface depends on ____.
- The depth of submergence and fluid density
- The radius of the circular surface and fluid viscosity
- The height of the fluid column and fluid compressibility
- The weight of the circular surface
Answer: A) The depth of submergence and fluid density
Explanation:
The hydrostatic force on a submerged horizontal circular surface depends on the depth of submergence and fluid density. The deeper the surface is submerged and the denser the fluid, the greater the hydrostatic force.
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8. The concept of buoyancy is associated with ____.
- Hydrostatic pressure
- Fluid viscosity
- Fluid surface tension
- Fluid compressibility
Answer: A) Hydrostatic pressure
Explanation:
The concept of buoyancy is related to hydrostatic pressure. It is the upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged or floating object, counteracting the force of gravity.
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9. When a solid body is floating in a liquid, the volume of the liquid displaced is equal to ____.
- The weight of the body
- The density of the liquid
- The density of the body
- The volume of the body
Answer: D) The volume of the body
Explanation:
When a solid body is floating in a liquid, the volume of the liquid displaced is equal to the volume of the body. This is known as Archimedes' Principle.
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10. Amongst which of the following statement is correct about hydrostatic forces on surfaces?
- The direction of the hydrostatic force depends on the shape of the surface
- The center of pressure on a submerged vertical surface is always at the midpoint of the surface
- The hydrostatic force is always equal to the pressure at the bottom of the fluid
- The hydrostatic force is independent of the fluid density and depth
Answer: A) The direction of the hydrostatic force depends on the shape of the surface.
Explanation:
The direction of the hydrostatic force on a surface depends on the shape of the surface. It acts perpendicular to the surface, and its magnitude is determined by fluid density, depth, and the shape of the surface.
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11. When a dam is subjected to hydrostatic pressure from the water, the resultant force acts ____.
- Parallel to the dam's surface
- Perpendicular to the dam's surface
- Diagonally on the dam's surface
- At the base of the dam
Answer: B) Perpendicular to the dam's surface
Explanation:
The resultant force due to hydrostatic pressure on a dam acts perpendicular to the dam's surface. It is commonly known as the hydrostatic thrust.
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12. Which of the following factors does not affect the hydrostatic pressure on a submerged surface?
- Fluid density
- Fluid depth
- Surface area
- Surface shape
Answer: C) Surface area
Explanation:
The hydrostatic pressure on a submerged surface is influenced by fluid density, fluid depth, and surface shape. However, the surface area does not directly affect the pressure.
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